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Tropomyosin human cardiac
£200.00
Fully functional
Cardiac Tropomyosin (Tropomyosin 1, TPM1) is a regulatory protein found in cardiac muscle that plays a critical role in heart contraction by modulating actin-myosin interactions. It is encoded by the TPM1 gene in humans and is an essential component of the sarcomere, the fundamental contractile unit of cardiac muscle.
Key Functions of Cardiac Tropomyosin (TPM1):
Regulation of Muscle Contraction: Tropomyosin binds along the length of actin filaments and controls the access of myosin to actin, regulating contraction.
Calcium-Dependent Regulation: Works with troponin to enable contraction when calcium levels rise and to inhibit contraction when calcium levels fall.
Structural Stability: Helps stabilize actin filaments in the cardiac sarcomere.
Modulation of Heartbeat Strength: Different isoforms and post-translational modifications fine-tune the heart’s response to physiological demands.
Structural Features:
Composed of two α-helical polypeptide chains that form a coiled-coil structure, which extends along seven actin monomers in the thin filament.
Works in a troponin-tropomyosin complex with Troponin T (TnT), Troponin I (TnI), and Troponin C (TnC) to regulate contraction.
Alternates between blocked, closed, and open states to control muscle contraction.
Cardiac Tropomyosin vs. Other Tropomyosin Isoforms:
Isoform | Tissue Expression | Function |
|---|---|---|
TPM1 (Cardiac Tropomyosin) | Heart muscle | Regulates contraction of cardiac muscle |
TPM2 (Beta Tropomyosin) | Skeletal & smooth muscle, non-muscle cells | Cytoskeletal stability and muscle function |
TPM3 | Non-muscle cells | Cytoskeletal organization |
TPM4 | Various tissues | Structural and regulatory roles |
Clinical Relevance:
Cardiomyopathies: Mutations in TPM1 are linked to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which can lead to heart failure or sudden cardiac arrest.
Arrhythmias: Alterations in tropomyosin function can disrupt normal electrical conduction in the heart.
Congenital Heart Defects: Some TPM1 mutations have been associated with structural heart abnormalities.
Research & Medical Importance:
Target for Gene Therapy: Efforts are being made to correct TPM1 mutations in cardiomyopathy patients.
Drug Targeting: Small molecules that modulate tropomyosin’s function are being explored as potential treatments for heart disease.
Heart Regeneration Studies: Tropomyosin regulation is being investigated in heart tissue repair and regeneration therapies.